历史回眸
德军在一战中首次使用毒气
参考文本
Chemical Warfare
On April 22, 1915, German forces shocked (1)unprepared Allied soldiers on the French front at Ypres with a (2)chlorine attack.
The introduction of chemical warfare (3)prompted the rapid development of gas masks, somewhat crude (4)respirators that allowed soldiers to breathe when attacked.
With the Germans taking the (5)lead, an extensive number of gas-filled projectiles releasing (6)deadlier chemicals such as mustard gas, increasingly filled the (7)trenches of World War I. Though the number of deaths directly (8)attibutableto such gases was by combat standards relatively low, (9)abhorrence of their usage was widespread following that war.
In World War II, chemical warfare was (10)shunned, save for some isolated uses by the Italians and the Japanese.
重点分析
- chlorine: n.氯
gaseous chemical element; symbol Cl. - prompt: v.鼓动,促使
1. To move to act; spur; incite: A noise prompted the guard to go back and investigate.
2. To give rise to; inspire: The accident prompted a review of school safety policy.
3. To assist with a reminder; remind.
4. To assist (an actor or reciter) by providing the next words of a forgotten passage; cue. - crude: adj. 粗制的
1. Being in an unrefined or natural state; raw.
2. Lacking tact or taste; blunt or offensive: a crude, mannerless oaf ; a crude remark.
3. Characterized by uncultured simplicity; lacking in sophistication or subtlety: had only a crude notion of how a computer works.
4. Not carefully or skillfully made; rough: a quick, crude sketch.
5. Undisguised or unadorned; plain: must face the crude truth. - respirator: 呼吸器
1. A device that supplies oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide for breathing, used especially in artificial respiration. Also called inhalator.
2. A screenlike device worn over the mouth or nose or both to protect the respiratory tract. - take the lead: 为首,带头
- mustard gas: n.芥气,毒瓦斯
An oily, volatile liquid, (ClCH2CH2)2S, that is corrosive to the skin and mucous membranes and causes severe, sometimes fatal respiratory damage. It was introduced in World War I as a chemical warfare agent. - projectile: n.射弹
1. A fired, thrown, or otherwise propelled object, such as a bullet, having no capacity for self-propulsion.
2. A self-propelled missile, such as a rocket. - trench: n.战壕
1. A deep furrow or ditch.
2. A long narrow ditch embanked with its own soil and used for concealment and protection in warfare.
3. A long, steep-sided valley on the ocean floor. - abhorrence: n.痛恨, 憎恶
1. One that is disgusting, loathsome, or repellent.
2. A feeling of repugnance or loathing. - shun: v. 避免
To avoid deliberately; keep away from. See synonyms at escape. - save for: 除...之外
